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In Railnet smart contracts, a Yield Source is connected via a Vehicle adapter. See Glossary for all terminology.
Railnet connects to DeFi protocols through Vehicle adapters. Some protocols have native adapters built into the protocol. Any protocol exposing an ERC-4626 vault can be connected through the generic ERC-4626 Vehicle without custom code.

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Vault standards

Railnet supports multiple vault standards through its Vehicle abstraction layer. A “supported” standard means Railnet ships a base Vehicle implementation that handles the standard’s mechanics — you inherit from it, and Railnet handles the STEAM lifecycle, accounting, and keeper automation. ERC-4626 (synchronous vaults). The most common DeFi vault standard. ERC-4626 vaults have immediate deposits and withdrawals, making them the simplest integration path. Railnet wraps these with sync Vehicles. ERC-7540 (asynchronous vaults). The emerging standard for vaults with delayed operations — withdrawal queues, cooldown periods, and multi-step settlement. Railnet wraps these with async Vehicles and automates settlement via keepers. The same async state machine handles off-chain settlement for real-world assets, so tokenized treasuries, private credit, and trade finance integrate through the same Vehicle model as on-chain protocols.

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Native Vehicle adapters

These protocols have dedicated Vehicle implementations in the Railnet codebase, optimized for each protocol’s specific mechanics.
ProtocolVehicle typeDepositsWithdrawalsFactory (Base Testnet)
Aave V3AaveV3VehicleSyncSync0x414A9F508044B914243e91a421bf2F7D599aDc78
Compound V3CompoundV3VehicleSyncSync0x33450Ec8C1b1BEbD4eEe39714b5C0e18b90d0f33
Morpho BlueMorphoBlueVehicleSyncSync0x305844AD370e202e534c80b14c2a03e00369267d
Any ERC-4626 vaultERC4626VehicleSyncSync0x75074d971c62B82BA8baf316dE5c4E17eBbe9cb5
Ethena (sUSDe)EthenaVehicleSyncAsync (cooldown)—
Syrup (Maple Finance)SyrupVehicleSyncAsync (queue)—
Factory addresses shown are for Base Testnet (chain ID 8453). Mainnet addresses will be added here as deployments are finalized. Ethena and Syrup factories are not yet deployed on testnet.
Railnet also includes a Wrapper Vehicle (WrapperVehicleFactory: 0x7567FA3332a284A96b936ed8F756F03799885EC5) that provides a 1:1 wrap of any ERC-20 token for STEAM compatibility. This is a utility adapter — it does not generate yield.

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ERC-4626 compatible protocols

Any protocol that exposes an ERC-4626 tokenized vault can be connected to Railnet using the generic ERC4626Vehicle — no custom adapter code required. The following protocols are known to implement ERC-4626 and are theoretically compatible.

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Lending

ProtocolExample vaultsNotes
Morpho Vaults (MetaMorpho)USDC, WETH, wstETH vaultsCurated lending vaults built on Morpho Blue
Yearn V3V3 vaults across multiple assetsAll Yearn V3 vaults are ERC-4626 native
Euler V2Lending and borrowing vaultsModular lending with ERC-4626 vault interface
Spark (Sky/MakerDAO)sDAIDAI Savings Rate vault
GearboxPassive lending poolsERC-4626 pools for lending to leveraged strategies
Silo V2Isolated lending marketsRisk-isolated lending with ERC-4626 shares
Fluid (Instadapp)fTokens (fUSDC, fETH)Lending layer with ERC-4626 deposit tokens
Sturdy FinanceAggregated yield vaultsYield aggregation on top of lending protocols

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Yield aggregators

ProtocolExample vaultsNotes
SommelierCellar vaultsActively managed strategy vaults
Mellow FinanceLRT and restaking vaultsPermissionless vault infrastructure

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Staking and liquid staking

ProtocolExample vaultsNotes
Origin ProtocolwOETH, wOUSDERC-4626 wrapped yield-bearing stablecoins and ETH
Frax FinancesFRAX, sfrxETHStaked FRAX and staked frxETH
Angle ProtocolSavings vaults (stEUR)Euro and multi-currency savings vaults

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Real-world assets

ProtocolExample vaultsNotes
Ondo FinanceOUSG, USDYTokenized US Treasuries and yield notes
Mountain ProtocolwUSDMYield-bearing stablecoin backed by T-bills
Backed FinancebIB01, bCSPXTokenized ETFs and bonds
CentrifugePool tokensTokenized real-world credit
OpenEdenTBILLTokenized T-bill vault
SuperstateUSTBTokenized short-term government bonds
This list is not exhaustive. Any vault implementing the ERC-4626 standard can be connected using the generic ERC4626Vehicle. Check a protocol’s documentation to verify ERC-4626 compatibility before deploying.

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Custom adapter candidates

Some protocols require async handling (withdrawal queues, cooldown periods, or per-address restrictions) and cannot use the generic ERC-4626 Vehicle. These protocols can be supported by building a custom async adapter, following the same pattern as the native Ethena and Syrup Vehicles.
ProtocolCategoryAsync pattern
Lido (wstETH)Liquid stakingWithdrawal queue
Rocket Pool (rETH)Liquid stakingMinipool exit queue
EigenLayerRestakingWithdrawal delay
SymbioticRestakingWithdrawal delay
KarakRestakingWithdrawal delay
PendleYield tokenizationMaturity-based settlement

Wrap an existing vault

Deploy a Vehicle that wraps any ERC-4626 vault — the plug-and-play integration path.

Build a custom adapter

Handle withdrawal delays and per-address restrictions with the async adapter pattern.